1. Chemical toxicity detection methods based on Chinese indigenous species
Supported by National “863” key projects, the laboratory carried out a systematic study on the risk assessment of chemicals based on Chinese indigenous species. The results showed that the pesticide Fipronil was highly toxic to the aquatic organisms in China, and provided data and theoretical support for its forbidden use. At the same time, we developed the risk assessment system for chemicals based on reptile model species, established an method to evaluate chemicals toxicity to local terrestrial species; and integrated the behavior of chemicals in food chain into its risk assessment process, and gradually formed a local biological chemicals exposure risk assessment system based on 4 types of local model organisms, finalized 10 national standard methods of chemical risk assessment, completed 5 national standard draft proposal, made a contribution to the establishment of green technical barriers for China chemical import trade; published 22 academic papers, including 15 papers indexed by SCI; applied 4 national invention patent, provided more than 2000 copies of environmental risk assessment every year for pesticide registration in China, and gradually formed a complete chemical toxicology evaluation system based on the Chinese native species. The laboratory has been certified for pesticide analysis, pesticide residues test and pesticide eco-toxicology analysis, and has made a positive contribution to pesticide environmental risk assessment in China.
2. microbial diversity, function and molecular regulation of ammonia oxidation in soil nitrogen cycle
China is a country with large population, and the balance of soil ecosystem and soil environment lies at the core of the sustainable development of agriculture and food security. KLEB carried out systematic research on the distribution, function and regulation of soil nitrogen cycling bacteria in the past 5 years, made important breakthrough progress, provided a basis for in-depth understanding of factors driving soil microbial nitrogen cycling processes and regulation. These works revealed the distribution characteristics of ammonia oxidizing microorganisms in typical soils of China, constructed microbial interspecific relationship network analysis methods, and revealed the typical succession characteristics of the microbial community that regulates the nitrogen cycling process. Specifically, we used stable isotope labeled 13C-CO2 during the microbial nitrification and confirmed that the archaea participated in the soil nitrification. In addition, we revealed that the mechanism of nitrification in acid soil microorganisms and that autotrophic ammonia oxidizing bacteria exist in the regulatory network of signaling molecules. These studies were published in 15 SCI papers, including 2 in PNAS, 1 in the ISME Journal. Our results raised concern of the domestic and foreign counterparts, has been cited extensively in reviews and research papers, provided a direct basis for understanding the soil microbial diversity and its important function, and laid the theoretical foundation for the control and improvement of soil ecosystem function.
3. water pollutants in the highly efficient bio conversion and new biological technology
KLEB has carried out a systematic study in the efficient treatment of sewage and resource recycling during this process. We developed the microbial catalytic electrolysis technology method by using electrochemically active bacteria and accelerated the directional transformation of the refractory organic pollutants. At the same time, we designed and developed a series of low energy consumption biological treatment technologies. These technologies have been applied to large-scale engineering applications and provided an effective way to solve contradiction of high effluent quality and low energy consumption during the sewage treatment. In the past five years, we published 40 articles in this area including 24 indexed in SCI, have been granted 15 national patents, published on monograph by the Science Press titled The bioelectrochemical systems: from the extracellular electron transfer to biological technology application, won the second prize of national scientific and technological progress, won the gold medal in the ninth national invention exhibition for the split membrane bioreactor.
4. cascade utilizing and recycling of carbon source in waste biomass
In view of the incomplete conversion and utilization of carbon resources during traditional anaerobic processes, we proposed the cascade utilization of complex organic matters. We developed a supercritical method to recovery biochar and applied the product to the remediation of environmental pollution (water, soil) and crop nutrition improvement. Through the coupling of anaerobic fermentation and microbial electrolysis processes, we achieved cascade utilization of waste biomass. We established a conversion route from complex carbon source to the macromolecular organic matter, and then to the end of the organic molecules of high efficiency, and exceeded the limit of the traditional biological conversion. In this area, we published 25 papers, of which 21 are indexed by SCI, granted 35 national patents, and applied our research results in soil, water environment remediation and crop growth.
